Showing posts with label Church of St John of Beverley. Show all posts
Showing posts with label Church of St John of Beverley. Show all posts

Monday, 6 July 2015

Whatton in the Vale


                                                                                                                                                                  
We visited Whatton on a glorious sunny morning, the best weather for wandering through a rural English village: lush tree-lined lanes lead visitors to a mixture of modern homes and converted cottages all surrounding an ancient church within which are some very impressive works of art.

 

The name probably derives from the Old English word hwǣte meaning “wheat”, so this is the 'Wheat Village'.    


The Vale referred to is the Vale of Belvoir.  The village has a fine view of Belvoir Castle, seat of the Manner family.



The road to Whatton
As we drove through this sun-dappled tunnel I felt as though we should be approaching a stately home rather than a village. We stopped to photograph the scene and a friendly local told us the history of the trees.  Apparently the Player family (of Player cigarettes fame) live at Whatton.  One of the sons had an avenue of trees planted along the road leading to Whatton Manor.  Not to be out done, the other son had this avenue of trees planted along the road into the village. 


For younger readers who may be asking "Who are the Players?" I will digress for a moment:


For many years Player Cigarettes was one of Nottingham's major employers.  Around 11,000 people worked for Player in the late 1950s.


In 1877 John Player bought a small but successful tobacco company in West Lothian then set about moving it to Nottingham.  He obviously had high ambitions from the start as he built three factories but rented out two of them to lace manufacturers until his business expanded into the space. 

The company introduced pre-rolled cigarettes as well as selling the usual loose-leaf Virginia tobacco and papers. This proved very successful. By the 1930s two-thirds of all cigarettes bought in Britain came from the Player factories with the run-away favourite brand being Navy Cut.  Walter Raleigh would have been proud!


Production peaked in the 1950s but health scares, taxes and a ban on advertising began to affect the industry.  Player closed the doors of their factory for the last time in 2016 and production in Nottingham ceased after almost 140 years. 


Ivy Row


In 1066 William the Conqueror granted Whatton Manor to Gilbert de Grand with jurisdiction over the manors of Aslockton and Hawksworth.  Today Aslockton is the much larger of the two villages so it seems odd to think of little Whatton as being the more important.  

Gilbert installed Robert de Whatton as Lord of the Manor. Robert's son Walter succeeded him then Walter's son Robert took the title ... but in 1189 a woman got a look-in!  Adelina, became Dame of the Manor.  A year later she granted the church and some land to Welbeck Abbey in memory of her father and her late husband (William, Lord Heriz of Gonalston) and paid the King 100 marks to entitle her to marry someone of her own choosing!  When she did marry Adam de Novo Mercato (Newmarch) the Manor passed to the Newmarch family.  She gained a husband but lost control of her fortune.

The Newmarch family passed on the Manor through the generations (or through the marriage of daughters) until 1840 when Thomas Hall bought the property for his grandson Thomas Dickinson Hall.  By 1841 a large country house had been built:


Whatton Manor

Thomas Dickinson Hall was a great philanthropist. Yet another local pointed out to us that a number of the cottages round the village had the letters TDH carved above the door as Thomas  made improvements to the living conditions of the residents.  The family also spent a lot of money restoring the church.  One of their sons, Thomas Kendrick Hall (b 1848) was the vicar at Whatton for a time.  In 1890 he visited Australia and was returning home with his two young nieces when the steamship on which they were travelling, the Quetta,  hit a rock and sank.  Rather like the Titanic it had been built with seven compartments to hold water if the hull was ruptured.  Like the Titanic the accident happened at night when most passengers were in bed.  The rock left such a large hole along the ship it sank within five minutes.  Most of the passengers perished.  The crew, who were on deck rather than sleeping, fared rather better.  One of Thomas Hall's nieces survived ... she spent 36 hours in the water though before the rescuers found her.

Thomas's mother, Sophia Elizabeth Hall, paid £3,000 for St Thomas's Church, Aslockton. to be built as a memorial for her son.  Their eldest son, Cecil, also died early (aged 30 in 1874) in an accident at Whatton but I haven't yet found out what happened.

The Hall family sold the property in 1919 when it was purchased by the Players.

We spoke to another villager who recalled Lady Player opening up the grounds to hold a village fete each year.  She remembered eating sandwiches on the lawns as a small child ..... sounds like P G Wodehouse's Blandings.  Well, the lovely old house was demolished in the 1964 so we couldn't see much once we had walked through the tree avenue to get there.  A 'smaller' house was discernible through the large hedge and the stable block still stands ….

Whatton Hall Stud Farm

… today it is a successful stud farm: they have bred quite a few winning race horses and thoroughbreds.  Their most famous resident was Overdose, nick-named the Budapest Bullet as he was renowned for his sprint finish.  This was a dream horse.  As a yearling in 2005 he was purchased for 2000 guineas but he went on to win hundreds of thousands of pounds for his new owners. He died in 2015.



In order to return to the village centre we had to cross the exceedingly busy A52.  This has never been an easy task ….

In 1892, Mr W Hardy, coachman, was travelling from Whatton Manor to Aslockton Railway Station when he rounded a corner to find a steam roller in his path.  The horse veered and overturned the carriage.  Luckily no one was seriously hurt.  Unlike an incident a few years later ....

December 1913.  Mr George Leverington, a 22 year old chauffer, was found guilty of dangerous driving and causing the death of three people.  The Bench at Bingham Court House believed that had Leverington been driving at a more moderate speed the accident would not have happened.  Evidence revealed he had been travelling at 15 miles per hour!



Whatton and Scarrington churches are only a few miles apart yet both are dedicated to Saint John of Beverley,  Archbishop of York.

The most famous cleric associated with this village is Thomas Cranmer (1489 - 1556), Archbishop of Canterbury, during the reign of King Henry VIII, King Edward VI and Queen Mary I (at least for a short while!) who was born in  Aslockton but spent his childhood days in and around Whatton.

He was instrumental in setting up the split from Rome and founding the Church of England.  In 1547 King Edward VI granted Archbishop Cranmer both the rectory at Whatton and at Aslockton.  

When Henry's daughter Mary succeeded to the throne in 1553 she was intent on reintroducing the Catholic faith: during her reign over 280 religious dissenters were burned at the stake .... Thomas Cranmer was one of them.  
His family worshipped in Whatton Church and his father was buried there in 1501.  On the floor of the Cranmer Chapel is a life sized memorial to Cranmer's father. 
                                                                                                      



Whatton church was built in the late 12th to early 13th centuries but has undergone many restorations since then.  One took place in 1807 when the pews were installed: another, in 1870/1871, was overseen by Reverend T. Butler, the vicar of Langar and father of the famous author Samuel Butler. 


The church has a large steeple with a peel of eight bells.  One of these bells dates back to the early 1400s - pre-Reformation times - meaning Thomas Cranmer of Aslockton heard that same bell as it rang him to church four centuries ago!  


Inside the church are even older relics which Cranmer would have seen in slightly better condition … I am referring to the effigies of two members of the de Whatton family.


Robert de Whatton

Robert de Whatton was Cannon of Welbeck and vicar of Whatton from 1304 to 1310.


A brass plaque explains the effigy was restored in 1892 by three of his descendants all apparently still connected with the village: Hugh de Heriz, John Swift and Arundell Blount.  

A short verse is attached to the plaque:

Wonder not mortal at they quick decay
See! Men of marble piecemeal melt away
When whose image we no longer read
But monuments themselves memorials need. 
Crabbe

At first reading it appears to be the usual verse warning the living that their days are numbered but the middle of the first line seems clumsy.  Changing the tone and voice and putting emphasis on Wonder rather than Mortal gives a different meaning.  He is suggesting these effigies of men are things  of WONDER: they are not mortal. Their flesh has decayed so they have risen in the next world.  You can see the men of marble disappear in your imagination: the dead effigies are alive and deserve credit as they are working for our salvation even now.

The poet is George Crabbe (1754 - 1832). the clergyman associated with nearby Muston and Chaplain to the Duke of Rutland. His work was admired by Samuel Johnson and Sir Walter Scott while William Wordsworth was counted among his friends.



Effigy of Richard de Whatton 

The second effigy is Richard de Whatton (1274 - 1336) who, in 1322, supported King Edward II in his battle against the Barons and was well rewarded with confiscated castles and estates from Thomas Planyagenet, Earl of Lancaster.  His crossed legs indicate he 'crossed the seas' to take part in one of The Crusades.  The effigy is beautifully carved and makes Richard look very comfortable lying there with his feet up!

Shame the same can't be said for poor old Sir Hugh Newmarch.  His effigy lies nearer the front of the church but he is minus one leg!  Apparently the church warden in days long ago used to use the effigy to break firewood each week when heating the building before the services.  He was obviously too enthusiastic one week as the leg dropped off.  This effigy is also well carved but in a surprisingly different way.  At one time the church doubled up as a school room ... bored pupils added their own carvings to the figure.

A large number of them appear to have names beginning with W!


Sir Hugh Newmarch .... plus graffiti.
  
  
And now for the real beauty of this church ..... the rather gorgeous stained glass windows.  
There are ten beautiful windows here all glowing like rainbows in the rain: some of these are memorials too. Thomas Dickinson Hall, his wife Sophia and their son Cedric have windows: the one commemorating Sophia is by C E Kempe. He was a life long friend and collaborator of the famous architect, G F Bodley.  Kempe's work can be found in York Minster, Chester Cathedral … and the church at Clumber Park ... as well as numerous other places. The window portrays the Annunciation of Christ's Birth.  Look closely ... you might find the wheat sheaf  (Kempe's trademark).

C E Kempe window

In my opinion the most outstanding window in the building is dedicated to William and Elizabeth Harrison and their two sons, William and Edwin.  This window was designed by William Morris's company no less, from a design by the Pre-Raphaelite artist Burne Jones.  

Bodley worked with Morris & Co for a number of years but began to look around for more traditional artists to complement his own Gothic style.  Obviously I can appreciate the beauty of Kempe's work but the Morris window beats it for me.  Just look at the oranges, lemons and flowers behind the saints. ... not to mention the Pre Raphaelite faces on the angels .... wonderful!

William Morris window
 This one was totally special!  At the top are the cymbal bashing, trumpet blowing angels ….

Details of William Morris window

Christ is depicted in the centre window ...


On his right is Saint Peter, keeper of the heavenly keys and the rock on which the Church was built.



Saint John the Baptist, the messenger who prepared the way for Christ's arrival, stands on Christ's left.



















Above Christ is giving sight to a blindman while below he is raising the dead ...




…. lastly he is curing the lame.

 


These artistic gems may be one of the best kept secrets of Nottinghamshire. 

It is I be not afraid.




                    

Christ preaching to labourers with laundry and spades


Rebecca at the well; St George & 
St John of Beverley ordaining Bede
Gethsemane; the Crucifixion; 
Annunciation & Last Supper






  









Another Pre Raphaelite window is by Heaton Butler and Bayne Their work can be found in Chester Cathedral and Westminster Abbey.  The window designer was Robert Turnill Bayne.  He sported a wonderful full beard and moustache in real life and tended to include at least one bearded figure in his work where possible.  Here is a very dapper Christ.

Heaton, Butler & Bayne window


These windows form a superb art exhibition by renowned artists: all for free! 


And the art exhibition continues in the grave yard where talented local stone masons were responsible for seven listed head stones.


They all belong to the Carpendale family who were buried here between 1710 and 1748.


Two hundred years later two members of the Houghton family were also laid to rest here.  William Houghton, 61, and his youngest son, Jasper, 20, lived at Hill Top Farm.  The family also owned the Mill.  In early January 1914 two life insurance policies were taken out on Jasper's life to the value of  around £15,000.

A few weeks later Jasper and his older brother, John Fredrick, went to the Mill with a Clerk to measure the height of the structure.  The Clerk held the measuring tape on the ground while the brothers climbed to the top.  According to the Clerk he suddenly heard a cry from above and saw Jasper struggling on the narrow platform.  When the brothers returned to the ground Jasper was rather shaken and reported the ladder had slipped and Fred had managed to grab him before he fell.  He did not accuse his brother of pushing the ladder but this became a possibility in the Clerk's mind in February when Jasper was killed.

Whatton Mill

On that fateful day the family had eaten the evening meal and Fred said, "Good night," and went upstairs to bed. Jasper followed soon after.  A moment later the parents heard a gun shot. Jasper had been shot in the face.  Mr Houghton ran to the stairs and Mrs Houghton was then horrified to hear a second shot and her husband tumbled back down covered in blood. 

At his trial the jury were told that Fred was heavily in debt and had persuaded his brother to take out the insurance policies.  As the eldest son he stood to inherit the insurance money, the farm and the Mill once his brother and father died.  Mrs Houghton had to give evidence against her son.  He suffered 14 epileptic fits while on remand and three doctors testified that he was insane at the time of the crimes so he was sentenced to be detained at his Majesty's pleasure.

Originally the Mill had sails but after the murders it was never worked again and has fallen into disrepair.  It is a Grade II listed building.


Whatton residents were incredibly friendly.  They stopped to chat and were proud to share their knowledge of their village.  It has a lovely rural feel to it helped by the farms that edge the village, so even while you are standing close to houses, there are sheep staring at you from under a tree or cows watching you walk by.  A very quiet, tranquil location.



This really is a very picturesque village filled with Olde Worlde charm.  On the driveway of a house along the A52 we came across this:


Steam Engine from Whatton at the Riverside Festival


As in other villages the older buildings have been converted into houses.  Here is the Old Forge:



Beautiful isn't it?! 


Unfortunately this is all that is left of the village pub:







The Griffin was a popular establishment in years gone by.  During the summer months Whatton used to be a popular 'tourist' spot for Nottingham factory workers.  On Bank Holidays and festival days in the late 1800s the pub landlord, Mr. Tomlinson, would organise entertainment and lay on food and ale.  The building has now gone and new houses stand in the old car park.


On one side of a village green is Ivy Row, an attractive row of cottages.

On the other side of the green, behind a large wall, set in beautiful grounds, is Whatton House.



There is a bit of a dark side to this idyllic setting, however, as towards the Bingham side of the village there is a rather large fence surrounding HM Whatton : a secure Category C Prison. 




Google map: Whatton     

Saturday, 20 June 2015

Scarrington


Scarrington chickens - hanging around!

Scarrington is a quiet village surrounded by meadows and overgrown hedgerows. I say ‘Quiet’ but wherever you go you can hear a loud cockerel calling constantly.  The residents (less than 200) live in an interesting mix of detached houses, cottages and farm houses mostly dating back to the 18th and 19th centuries with some modern housing designed to blend in very well with the rest of the village.  In total there are sixty five houses, three farms and two livery yards. It looks to all the world like nothing has changed here for years but that isn’t the case .... at one time the village had an inn, a butcher, a wheelwright, a carpenter, a joiner, a shoemaker, a blacksmith and a school.  Not anymore.  Today the ‘amenities’ consist of a church, a chapel and a WI hut. 

Road sign
Scarrington was listed in the Domesday Book of 1086 as 'Scarintone.  There is archaeological evidence that a community has lived here since pre-Roman times.  The spelling of the name has changed many times over the years:  Skerynton, Scherington, Skarynton are just a few. Whatever the spelling they all have a similar pronunciation to Scearning-tun .... Anglo-Saxon for 'dirty farm'!
A more complimentary theory suggests it was originally a Scandinavian 'ton' and it was just the Head of the settlement who was unwashed!  Whatever the origin of the name, the village today is much more salubrious than it sounded to be in the past! 
Main Street Scarrington
This is Main Street.  I love the idea of well maintained lawns on each side of the road instead of concrete paving slabs. Very rural.  Oriental Cherry trees line the road ....... it always looks good but in Spring  the trees are filled with pink blossoms .... spectacular!

Main Street Scarrington


The parish church of St John of Beverley, a Grade I listed building, sits in the heart of the village.
Propped against the church wall you can't fail to notice this warning to drivers ....

A sign worth paying attention to!

.... and here, standing proudly on the church wall, is the loud cockerel!


Ready to jump into the road.

The church only holds one service a month so, unsurprisingly when we tried the door it was locked. One of the key holders, Mr J Howard, lived nearby. He very kindly fetched a massive ornate key and accompanied us back to the building.   It turns out he owns all the chickens that wander quite freely all over the place …. and a lovely brown dog who ferrets around locating eggs, gently picking them up in his mouth and taking them home to Mr Howard.
More chickens hanging about.

The church is dedicated to St John of Beverley, a Bishop of York who built a monastery at Beverley and died in 721AD.  There are only two churches in England named after him..... the other one is two miles away in Whatton! There are no records of St John ever visiting Notts, so why him? It must be more than a coincidence that two communities so close together chose the same patron.  York and Beverley were very powerful religious centres in the 13th and 14th centuries when Scarrington and Whatton churches were being built so perhaps someone was trying to curry favour.

Three bells still hanging in the tower date back to 1450. One of them is inscribed with the badge of the Kempe family. Cardinal John Kempe was another Archbishop of York (so perhaps the name paid off!).  All the old bells are beautifully decorated with Latin phrases in adoration of the Virgin Mary: "Sancta Maria ora pro nobis" and "Ave Maria" reflecting the Roman Catholic origins of the church. Strange to think the future Archbishop of Canterbury, Thomas Cranmer (born a few miles away in Aslockton in 1489), who was instrumental in setting up the Church of England and the split from Rome, could have heard these bells as a boy.

The Church of St John of Beverley


We passed a carved stone font at the doorway.  It dates back to the 1662 and bears a resemblance to the Southwell Minster font (created in 1661 by William Balme of Mansfield) Possibly made by the same craftsman.

An older font stands inside the church. This one was the original one but was thrown out by Cromwell's troops during the Civil War.  Apparently a Scarrington man heard one of the soldiers swearing so attacked and killed him then hid himself in the church roof for a while.  When restoration work was carried out in 1867 they found a cup, saucer, plate and a bundle of hay. The original font was returned to the church in 1900 having been used all those years as a pump trough.

The stone masons had done a wonderful job on the pillars which were decorated with faces, leaves and flowers.  Before pews were placed in churches it was common for the old and infirm to use the pillars as seats … these were wide enough to accommodate quite a few. 
We were also impressed with the stained glass windows.


This was erected by Thomas Vincent Ludlow in memory of his father, Robert Vincent Ludlow.  His mother's window is here:



His mother was Mary Blagg ..... this is a large important family with connections to Screveton and Car Colston.









Outside the gravestones told us stories of people who had lived and died there.
Near the gate is the grave of Francis Rowarth who passed away April 1786 aged 53.  He was buried with his wife, Mary. She died 32 years later in June 1818 aged 77. She was remarried after Francis's death to a much younger man, William Trevit.  He died 6 months after Mary - December 1818 aged 61.  Francis and Mary's children (John and Mary) were also buried there. Sadly, Mary was only 19 when she died in 1796 from "a CASUAL stroke by a horse."
Nearby is Reverend John Standish (vicar of Scarrington for 33 years from 1885 until his death in 1918 and father of 12 children). As a founding member (and Secretary) of the Thoroton Society he took part in their 'Summer Excursions' one of which (to Welbeck Abbey in 1899) is described here.    Mr Howard showed us a collection of historical documents appertaining to the village.  Amongst them was the story of a school master appointed by Rev Standish in October 1892. 
At the time Rev Standish had some doubts about the man’s sobriety so the school master, Mr S Wilkinson, had pledged to abstain from all intoxicating drink in future.  His wage was set at £60 per annum with furnished accommodation in the schoolhouse.
Unfortunately, he had to repeat the pledge in July 1893 but was forced to hand in his resignation on 2nd January 1894 after failing to keep it again. He had obviously enjoyed Christmas way too much!
Another notable resident, Robert Vincent Fisher,  and his wife Mary,  are buried next to their 17 year old son.  Robert Vincent was born in Scarrington House in 1827, a member of the gentry, he served with the South Notts Yeomanry for 20 years.  He would have been in his twenties when the Chartist riots were taking place in Nottingham.  Perhaps he was one of the Yeomen quelling the masses in Old Market Square on their ‘Great Day’ in April 1848 …. who knows?









Amongst the grave stones were signs of a much more recent death.  A pile of feathers and one wing were all that remained of a fox's breakfast. Yet another of Mr Howard's hens.  We left him expressing concern for his own future breakfasts ... the fox is leaving him with a yard full of roosters!


Across the road is The Old Forge (Grade II listed building).  The Blacksmith, George Flinders, has long gone but he left a reminder behind:

The Old Forge (Grade II listed) .... and the horseshoes.

17ft of horseshoes!
Standing at 17 feet in height, composed of 50,000 horseshoes it would weigh around 10 tons.  Constructed by the village Blacksmith, over a period of 20 years between 1945 and 1965, it is thought to be the largest stack of used horse shoes in the world.  In 1973 an American offered to purchase it to ship back home.  The residents were not impressed! Luckily Notts. County Council found the money and saved the day. 
They might have regretted that decision fifteen years later when the unsupported pile began to lean quite dangerously.  You wouldn't have wanted to stand too close if a large tractor trundled by! A combination of souvenir hunters and the bottom of the stack disintegrating meant urgent remedial work was necessary.  Thirty years on it is still standing and looking fine.
Next to the Forge is the Pinfold (Grade II listed building) - a circular brick-built pound for stray animals.  A noticeboard explains that the Pinfold dates back to medieval times.  A Pinder was employed to capture any stray animal that might damage the farmers' crops. In 1789 the Pinder was paid 10d by every cottager and 2d by every farmer at Christmas time. Why the poor old cottagers paid more than the farmers is beyond me!  Once the animals were caught the owners had to pay to get them back: 1d for a horse; 2d for a score of sheep or 4d for a sow or pig.  I wonder if he was ever tempted to kidnap a couple of pigs from the Old Hall on a dark night??
The Old Hall,  Grade II listed.
 Well, I am pleased the Pinfold is no longer in use meaning Mr Howard's roosters are free to roam. I think the fox probably agrees with me!

The WI cat.


Little Lunnon

Little Lunnon no longer exists.  It was a small hamlet of 16 cottages just to the South of Scarrington. 
They were probably built around the middle of the 1700s as homes for labourers or "impotent poor" (people who through age, illness or infirmity could not provide for themselves). 

Little Lunnon   early 1900s
The cottages were built from mud and straw with thatched roofs.  The walls were quite substantial being 18 inches thick.  Inside there was one room downstairs and a bedroom above accessed by a ladder.  There was no sanitation ... a ditch encircled the cottages on three sides to dispose of 'waste'.  Water came from a 7ft well.
Little Lunnon   early 1900s

 By 1834 the poor were sent to the workhouse in Bingham but the cottages remained occupied by other families until 1914 when 7 were demolished (deemed unfit for human occupation).  The hamlet itself was a bit of a tourist attraction at this time as it appealed to the romantic notion of rural life.   
Fire destroyed another cottage, families began to move out and by 1945 only two derelict cottages remained which the council demolished.
Little Lunnon   early 1900s
In 'The Place Names of Nottinghamshire' J E B Glover suggests the name Little Lunnon was a play on "Little London" highlighting the desperate poverty of Lunnon in comparison to the big city.



Link to Google map


Scarrington church window

Scarrington church window